An Uneven Ledger: How Scientific Disciplines Choose Whether to Hold Themselves Accountable
Across the landscape of contemporary science, replication is not a universal standard — it is a negotiated outcome, shaped by institutional incentives, disciplinary culture, and the economics of verification. Some fields have constructed elaborate infrastructure to challenge their own findings, while others treat the very notion of independent confirmation as an affront to expertise. Understanding why this divergence exists may be as important as closing it.